20210416 (금)
09:31
파티션
# fdisk [option] DEVICE
fdisk 명령어
d : 파티션 삭제
m : 도움말
n : 새 파티션 추가
p : 파티션 테이블 현황 출력
q : 저장 없이 나가기
w : 저장 후 나가기
t : 시스템 아이디의 파티션 변경 (hex code)
파일시스템
# mkfs [option] [FILE SYSTEM] [DEVICE]
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1
마운트
#mount -t [FILE SYSTEM] [DEVICE] [MOUNT_POINT]
[root@localhost mnt]# mount -t ext4 /dev/sdb1 /mnt/study
[root@localhost mnt]# mount
#umount -t [FILE SYSTEM] [DEVICE] or [MOUNT_POINT] 둘다 가능
[root@localhost mnt]# umount -t ext4 /dev/sdb1
영구마운트
/etc/fstab
①장치 파일 ② 마운트 포인트 ③파일 시스템 ④마운트_옵션 ⑤덤프유무 ⑥FSCK 유무
/dev/sdb1 /mnt/study ext4 defaults 0 0
스왑
파티션 fdisk -> t 스왑영역 변경
변경적용 partprobe
스왑 초기화 mkswap [device]
스왑 swapon [device]
확인 free
스왑정보 swapon -s
스왑해제 swapoff [device]
스왑 영구 마운트
/etc/fstab
/dev/sdc1 swap swap defaults 0 0
|
[root@localhost study]# mkswap /dev/sdc1 [root@localhost study]# swapon -s |
=============================================
LVM(Logical Volume Managerment)
RAID
RAID-o 1
RAID-5v
(파티션 → 물리 볼륨 → (볼륨 그룹) → 논리 볼륨) -> 파일시스템 초기화 → 마운트
파티션 : fdisk, hex code변경 후 저장 (8e)
논리 볼륨 pvcreate
물리 볼륨 vgcreate
볼륨 그룹 lvcreate
물리 볼륨 : pvcreate
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb2
Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created.
볼륨 그룹 : vgcreate
[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate vgmain /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2
Volume group "vgmain" successfully created
논리 볼륨 : lvcreate [OPTION] [VG]
#lvcreate NAME SIZE VG
#lvcreate -n LVNAME -L LVSIZE VGNAME → VGNAME은 경로 표시가 아니라 vgdisplay에서 나오는 group네임을 알아서 가져온다.
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -n lv1 -L 2G vgmain
Logical volume "lv1" created. → 경로 : /dev/vgmain/lv1
[root@localhost ~]# ls -l /dev/vgmain/lv1
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Apr 16 15:14 /dev/vgmain/lv1 -> ../dm-2
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/vgmain/lv1
....출력결과 생략....
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/lv_test
[root@localhost ~]# mount -t ext4 /dev/vgmain/lv1 /mnt/lv_test
PE(Physical Extents) : 물리 볼륨에서 사용하는 기본 데이터 저장 단위, 기본값 4MB
LE(Logical Extents) : 논리 볼륨에서 사용하는 기본 데이터 저장 단위
# pgdisplay [PV]
[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay /dev/sdb1
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name vgmain
PV Size 3.00 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 767
Free PE 767
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID HfAIkY-NP9r-Vo4B-nG6E-HAO2-IZUS-OvjTjk
# vgdisplay [VG]
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay vgmain
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vgmain
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 5.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 1534
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 1534 / 5.99 GiB
VG UUID 7lefeI-HcN8-KmPJ-ws87-hecb-or9D-dr5oKA
[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay |tail -17
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/vgmain/lv1
LV Name lv1
VG Name vgmain
LV UUID MgxLu3-VvTF-gBJc-NO1Z-bUqM-b4Wo-pUcRkP
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2021-04-16 15:14:10 +0900
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 2.00 GiB
Current LE 512
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:2
# blkid
[root@localhost ~]# blkid
/dev/sda1: UUID="3e6953e1-8a31-4d07-83b1-51087da100aa" TYPE="xfs"
/dev/sda2: UUID="B1JBO0-BrG3-N20L-7kOH-Bcuz-DdPR-zxsk24" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/sdb1: UUID="VqHbB0-2wpE-sies-0EH7-achd-GKJm-1Dcl8x" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/sdb2: UUID="W6ndfv-leQl-nYth-cjaZ-A3fo-hOHz-IQl1cl" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/sdc1: UUID="UVakwg-ce8A-Cev9-qm0i-tfUD-Lfaf-p4hVhS" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/sdc2: UUID="9ORG8H-reFF-ey3Y-ifAL-uxeV-s0Jw-FqI1Rs" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/sdc3: UUID="Ht0gSP-XQdj-rWNb-wJJP-NwqD-eUR6-phwLu0" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/sde1: UUID="Kkk2ks-IbJf-Gc2G-d26G-t6r6-gxZq-5r3DQb" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/sde2: UUID="kEljUQ-v187-SRxr-FbpU-nvQr-j5Of-C1yEF7" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/sr0: UUID="2021-01-07-16-35-54-70" LABEL="VBox_GAs_6.1.18" TYPE="iso9660"
/dev/mapper/centos-root: UUID="17cfb854-ad4c-4802-87ab-0cbdd8f4e022" TYPE="xfs"
/dev/mapper/centos-swap: UUID="552c00cb-dc5e-4919-a5ba-9fae4ad8fa48" TYPE="swap"
/dev/mapper/vgmain-lv1: UUID="0e229759-4ff5-44bb-8632-3682d9363faa" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/mapper/vgmain-lv2: UUID="7dbe256f-5ff7-4395-a794-850cdd45bfb2" TYPE="xfs"
/dev/mapper/vgtest2-lvtest001: UUID="1426131f-6182-4d5d-ae85-7901da902e9e" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/mapper/vgtest2-lvtest002: UUID="b4c7fdb8-7cc9-4e33-a2ad-2ca98fb22f84" TYPE="xfs"
/dev/mapper/vgroot-lv01: UUID="e9ec1f38-9d33-4706-8a87-fbd7e62e27ff" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/mapper/vgroot-lv02: UUID="bfad1f43-b3e8-44f3-9e68-460918ba7e33" TYPE="ext4"
#lsblk
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 19G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
└─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 20G 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 3G 0 part
│ ├─vgmain-lv1 253:2 0 2G 0 lvm /mnt/lv_test
│ └─vgmain-lv2 253:3 0 3G 0 lvm /mnt/lv_test2
└─sdb2 8:18 0 3G 0 part
└─vgmain-lv2 253:3 0 3G 0 lvm /mnt/lv_test2
sdc 8:32 0 20G 0 disk
├─sdc1 8:33 0 4G 0 part
│ ├─vgroot-lv01 253:6 0 2G 0 lvm /mnt/data1
│ └─vgroot-lv02 253:7 0 5G 0 lvm /mnt/data2
├─sdc2 8:34 0 4G 0 part
│ └─vgroot-lv02 253:7 0 5G 0 lvm /mnt/data2
└─sdc3 8:35 0 4G 0 part
sdd 8:48 0 20G 0 disk
sde 8:64 0 20G 0 disk
├─sde1 8:65 0 5G 0 part
│ └─vgtest2-lvtest001 253:4 0 7G 0 lvm /mnt/lvtest_s1
└─sde2 8:66 0 5G 0 part
├─vgtest2-lvtest001 253:4 0 7G 0 lvm /mnt/lvtest_s1
└─vgtest2-lvtest002 253:5 0 2.9G 0 lvm /mnt/lvtest_s2
sdf 8:80 0 20G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 58.3M 0 rom /run/media/root/VBox_GAs_6.1.18