20210804 (수) ansible 탬플릿, 역할

Jinja2 Template 

 - Python 기반의 template 모듈로 동적인 컨텐츠를 템플릿을 통해 생성할 수 있음

 

Jinja2 문법

  {{ 변수 or 표현식 }}

  {% 제어문 %}

  {# 주석(comment) #}

 

 

##### jinja2 탬플릿 예제 ##### 파일명 : template_exercise1.yaml 템플릿 : exercise1.j2 출력 파일 형태 Date : 2021-08-04 xx:xx:xx Title : Jinja2 Template test Author : Hong gildong -------- Hello Jinja2 Template This host is ansible-node01 (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) system user: ansible_user [user@ansible-server 20210804]$ cat template_exercise1.yaml --- - name: jinja2 template exam   hosts: all #  become:   vars:     remote_dir: /etc/ansible/facts.d/     Author : Hong gildong   tasks:   - name:     template:       src: exercise1.j2       dest: /tmp/jinja2_test.txt       owner: ansible_user       group: ansible_user       mode: "0644"   - name:     command: cat /tmp/jinja2_test.txt     register: jinja2   - name:     debug:       msg: "{{ jinja2 }}" [user@ansible-server 20210804]$ cat exercise1.j2 Date: {{ ansible_facts['date_time']['date'] }} {{ ansible_facts['date_time']['time'] }} Title: Jinja2 Template test Author : "{{ Author }}" ---------- Hello Jinja2 Template This host is {{ ansible_facts['hostname'] }} {{ ansible_facts['enp0s8']['ipv4']['address'] }} system user: {{ ansible_facts['env']['USER'] }} [user@ansible-server 20210804]$ ansible all -m command -a "cat /tmp/jinja2_test.txt" 192.168.56.11 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> Date: 2021-08-04 15:32:39 Title: Jinja2 Template test Author : "Hong gildong" ---------- Hello Jinja2 Template This host is ansible-node01 192.168.56.11 system user: ansible_user

 

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역할 (Role)

 

Role 디렉터리 구조

├── defaults  → Role 의 변수 중 초기 값이 지정되야 하는 기본 변수
│   └── main.yaml
├── files       → Role에서 파일 배포 시 파일이 위치하는 경로
│   └── main.yaml
├── handlers → Role의 handler가 저장되는 경로
│   └── main.yaml
├── meta     → Role의 meta data가 저장되는 경로
│   └── main.yaml
├── tasks     → Role의 task가 위치하는 경로
│   └── main.yaml
├── templates → Role이 배포하는 template 이 위치하는 경로
│   └── main.yaml
└── vars     → Role의 변수가 저장되는 경로
    └── main.yaml

 

meta 디렉터리에는 종속성 (dependency)이 정의되게 됨

 

 

##### role 예제 ##### ##### role과 task가 같은 playbook안에 있으면 role이 먼저 실행됨. ##### [user@ansible-server 20210804]$ cat roles/test_role/tasks/main.yaml --- - name: test_role first task   debug:     msg: test_role first task - name: request hostname   command: cat /etc/hostname   register: result_hostname - name: print hostname   debug:     msg: "{{ result_hostname.stdout }}" [user@ansible-server 20210804]$ cat 0804_test_role_playbook2.yaml --- - name: "test_role playbook 2"   hosts: all   tasks:   - name: Playbook Initial task     debug:       msg: Playbook Initial task   - name: Playbook Second task     command: date     register: result_date   - name: Playbook final task     debug:       msg: "{{ result_date.stdout }}"   roles:   - role: test_role [user@ansible-server 20210804]$ ansible-playbook 0804_test_role_playbook2.yaml PLAY [test_role playbook 2] ******************************************************************************************** TASK [Gathering Facts] ************************************************************************************************* ok: [192.168.56.12] ok: [192.168.56.13] ok: [192.168.56.11] TASK [test_role first task] ******************************************************************************************** ok: [192.168.56.11] => {     "msg": "test_role first task" } ok: [192.168.56.12] => {     "msg": "test_role first task" } ok: [192.168.56.13] => {     "msg": "test_role first task" } TASK [test_role : request hostname] ************************************************************************************ changed: [192.168.56.13] changed: [192.168.56.12] changed: [192.168.56.11] TASK [test_role : print hostname] ************************************************************************************** ok: [192.168.56.11] => {     "msg": "ansible-node01" } ok: [192.168.56.12] => {     "msg": "ansible-node02" } ok: [192.168.56.13] => {     "msg": "ansible-node03" } TASK [Playbook Initial task] ******************************************************************************************* ok: [192.168.56.11] => {     "msg": "Playbook Initial task" } ok: [192.168.56.12] => {     "msg": "Playbook Initial task" } ok: [192.168.56.13] => {     "msg": "Playbook Initial task" } TASK [Playbook Second task] ******************************************************************************************** changed: [192.168.56.11] changed: [192.168.56.12] changed: [192.168.56.13] TASK [Playbook final task] ********************************************************************************************* ok: [192.168.56.11] => {     "msg": "Wed Aug  4 17:58:26 KST 2021" } ok: [192.168.56.12] => {     "msg": "Wed Aug  4 17:58:26 KST 2021" } ok: [192.168.56.13] => {     "msg": "Wed Aug  4 17:58:26 KST 2021" } PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************************* 192.168.56.11              : ok=7    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0 192.168.56.12              : ok=7    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0 192.168.56.13              : ok=7    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

 

 

first_role 생성

 

[first_role]

task

 - first task : firtst task 라고 출력

 - second task: file 모듈을 사용하여 /tmp/20210804_first_task/ 디렉터리 생성

 - third task: command 모듈을 사용하여 " cat /etc/hostname" 실행

   & 핸들러 hello_handler 호출

 

handler

 - hello_handler - run hello_handler 메시지 출력

 

##### 과제1 ##### first_role 생성 task  - first task : firtst task 라고 출력  - second task: file 모듈을 사용하여 /tmp/20210804_first_task/ 디렉터리 생성  - third task: command 모듈을 사용하여 " cat /etc/hostname" 실행    & 핸들러 hello_handler 호출 handler  - hello_handler - run hello_handler 메시지 출력 [user@ansible-server 20210804]$ cat roles/first_role/tasks/main.yaml --- - name: first task   debug:     msg: first task - name: second task   file:     dest: /tmp/20210804_first_task/     state: directory     mode: "0644" - name: third task   command: cat /etc/hostname   notify: hello_handler [user@ansible-server 20210804]$ cat roles/first_role/handlers/main.yaml --- - name: hello_handler   debug:     msg: run hello_handler [user@ansible-server 20210804]$ cat 0804_test_role_playbook4.yaml --- - name: role examination   hosts: all   roles:   - role: first_role [user@ansible-server 20210804]$ ansible-playbook 0804_test_role_playbook4.yaml PLAY [role examination] ************************************************************************************************ TASK [Gathering Facts] ************************************************************************************************* ok: [192.168.56.12] ok: [192.168.56.13] ok: [192.168.56.11] TASK [first_role : first task] ***************************************************************************************** ok: [192.168.56.11] => {     "msg": "first task" } ok: [192.168.56.12] => {     "msg": "first task" } ok: [192.168.56.13] => {     "msg": "first task" } TASK [first_role : second task] **************************************************************************************** changed: [192.168.56.11] changed: [192.168.56.13] changed: [192.168.56.12] TASK [first_role : third task] ***************************************************************************************** changed: [192.168.56.11] changed: [192.168.56.12] changed: [192.168.56.13] RUNNING HANDLER [first_role : hello_handler] *************************************************************************** ok: [192.168.56.11] => {     "msg": "run hello_handler" } ok: [192.168.56.12] => {     "msg": "run hello_handler" } ok: [192.168.56.13] => {     "msg": "run hello_handler" } PLAY RECAP ************************************************************************************************************* 192.168.56.11              : ok=5    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0 192.168.56.12              : ok=5    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0 192.168.56.13              : ok=5    changed=2    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0 [user@ansible-server 20210804]$ ansible all -m command -a "ls -d /tmp/20210804_first_task" 192.168.56.12 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> /tmp/20210804_first_task 192.168.56.13 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> /tmp/20210804_first_task 192.168.56.11 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> /tmp/20210804_first_task